Current political situation in the world is dynamically changing with the trend of rising tension. At the same time, the globalization of data exchange influenced, in particular, on the necessity of storage of personal data outside the countries of their location. This fully applies to Russian citizens.

The above, in turn, has led to the weakening of the personal data safety; this is evidenced by numerous scandal cases, connected with unauthorized disclosure of personal data of ordinary citizens as well as high-level officials, including public officials. Besides, the threat of sudden limitation of legal access to personal data, which is stored on foreign resources, has appeared.

All this caused the need to develop the measures for protection of personal data of Russian citizens. As a result, the Federal Law from 21.07.2014 №242-FZ «On amending certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation in relation to the procedure for processing personal data in information and telecommunication networks» came into force on 01.09.2015.

Amendments to the Federal Law from 27.07.2006 №152- FZ «On Personal Data» were made. They change the order of access restriction to the information, which is processed with violations of Russian legislation in the field of personal data, in the Internet. Organizations, which are collecting and processing personal data of Russian citizens, are obliged to record, organize, accumulate, storage, update and modify, extract personal data with the help of databases located only on the territory of Russia.

The exceptions to this rule are the following cases of personal data processing: execution of international contracts; performing of functions, powers and duties assigned to the operator by the legislation of the Russian Federation; mete justice and implementation of enforcement proceedings; performance of powers by Executive authorities of all levels, State budgetary funds and functions of organizations, involved in provision of public and municipal services, including registration of the subject on the Unified portal of public and municipal services; professional journalist activity, legal mass media activity,  scientific, literary and other creative activities under the condition, that the rights and legitimate interests of the personal data subject are not violated.

The operator is obliged to notify the Federal Service for Supervision in the Sphere of Telecom, Information Technologies and Mass Communications (Roskomnadzor) of intention to process the personal data and location of such databases before the beginning of processing in the form of paper or electronic document.

Violators of the above rules will be included by Roskomnadzor in the special Registry of violators of the personal data subject rights; the aim is to limit access to the information, which is processed with violations of legislation, in the Internet. 

The basis for inclusion in the Registry can be the judicial act, which is entered into force, or the statement of a person, whose personal data are published with violations. The Registry includes: domain names, indexes of web-pages; IP addresses, which allow to identify the web-sites in the Internet; identification of judicial act, entered into force; information about violation elimination; date, when the operator sent information about the resource to limit access to it.

Roskomnadzor's practice in deleting of personal data from information resources show that in 61% cases such data is deleted by administrators of Russian and foreign web-sites.

Thus, personal data is completely under State protection now and, moreover, any possibility of setting access limits to data by any foreign persons (entities) is eliminated.

Remark:

As a result of measures assumed, more than 260 internet resources of .ru domain extension were blocked by Roskomnadzor due to their illegal activities on personal data processing. The list of Internet resources, registered in .com, .net, .info and .org domain zones, includes more than 100 items (the leaders are: USA, India and Bahamas).

Information agency Credinform prepared the ranking of the largest food chains in Russia.

The enterprises, taken for the ranking, are the largest by annual revenues volume in the last available in the Statistical register financial period (2014). They were ranked in descending order of the return on sales values.

Return on sales (%) shows the share of the operational profit in company’s sales result. 

The ratio designates the effectiveness of the industrial and commercial activity and shows the amount of the company’s net profit on sale of RUB 1. In other words, the amount of assets after covering the products cost, payments of interests on credits and tax payments. Return on sales indicator designates the most important activity aspect – sale of basic products. Besides, it makes it possible to estimate the prime cost share in sales. 

Return on sales is an indicator of the company’s price policy and its ability to control the outlays. The differences in the competitive strategies and product ranges generate significant variety of return on sales values in several companies. It is frequently used for the assessment of the company’s operating efficiency. However, the return on sale of the two firms might differ a lot under the equal values of the revenue indicator, operating expenses and profit before tax, due to influence of interest payments volume on the net profit margin.

In order to get the fullest and the fairest picture of the company’s financial situation, it is necessary to pay attention not only to the mean indicator values in the industry, but to all submitted financial indicators and ratios of the company. 

Return on sales of the largest food chains (Top-10) varies from 8,9% (ООО Giperglobus, Globus chain) to -0.7%  (ООО O'key).

The negative return on sales in the O'key chain is an important signal to company’s management. It shows the interest of the manufacture or sales unprofitableness for each invested ruble in the product: the prime cost of products is higher than its sales profit, and the price isn’t high enough to defray all the outlays.  The higher the indicator of the negative return on sales in the absolute relation is, the more the price level diverges from its effective balanced value. Moreover, the negative return on sales gives evidence that the company occupies its assets inefficiently.

According to the last published financial accounts (2014), the annual revenue of the Top-10 leaders amounted to RUB 2532,1 billion, which is higher than the indicator of the previous period by 28,4%.  The revenue growth appeared to be significantly greater than the GDP growth and country’s inflation indicator for the same period.

Return on sales of the food retail market leader – ZAO Tander (Magnit chain) is higher than the nearest competitor ZAO Perekrestok has: 2,2% and 1,3% respectively.

«Magnit» is a leading retail chain in Russia by quantity of the food stores and their geographical coverage. As of June 30th, 2015 the company included 10 728 stores, of which: 8890 convenience shops, 201 hypermarkets, 110 “Magnit Family” stores and 1527 “Magnit Cosmetic” stores.

“Magnit” retail chain operates in 2233 locations in Russia. The majority of stores are located in Southern, North Caucasian, Central and Volga Federal Districts. Approximately two-thirds of stores are located in towns with the population less than 500 000 people. 

The company has developed the distribution network of 29 distribution centers for more effective storage of goods and optimization of their transportation to the stores. It also owns the large fleet of 5926 vehicles which ensures an on-time goods delivery to all stores. 

«Perekrestok» is a federal retail chain and one of the first city supermarket chains. This year the company celebrates a twentieth anniversary from the moment of the first store opening in Moscow in September, 1995.

The company is a leader on the Russian sale market in the supermarket format. As of September 30, 2015 the chain included 451 retail facilities, situated in 108 towns and locations in Russia.

The shopping floor space of the “Perekrestok” supermarkets numbers from 400 to 2000 square meters. The assortment amounts to 15 000 articles, including not only everyday goods, but also the luxury food from all over the world.

Nowadays the retail chain is actively at work on updating its supermarkets. The new concept of the “Perekrestok” development is intended to create conditions for the comfortable shopping environment by means of effective arrangement of the trading floor and its zoning, light and color decoration on the basis of the customers’ preferences.

These and other members of the represented ranking Top-10 of the largest food chains were assigned the high solvency index. This circumstance points at ability of the enterprises to meet the debt obligations timely and in full, the risk of nonfulfillment of which is minimal.