Information agency Credinform represents a ranking of the largest Russian wood processing factories. The enterprises with the largest volume of annual revenue (TOP-10) were selected for the ranking, according to the data from the Statistical Register for the latest available periods (2015 – 2017). Then they were ranked by solvency ratio (Table 1). The analysis is based on the data of the Information and Analytical system Globas.

Solvency ratio (х) is calculated as the relation of the amount of equity capital to balance sum and indicates the reliance on external borrowins. The recommended value is >0,5.

The value below the minimum recommended limit indicates a heavy reliance on external sources of financing that may adversely impact liquidity and lead to an unstable financial situation of the company in case of worsening economic situation.

The experts of the Information agency Credinform, taking into account the actual situation both in the economy as a whole and in the sectors, has developed and implemented in the Information and Analytical system Globas the calculation of practical values of financial ratios that can be recognized as normal for a particular industry. For wood processing factories, the practical value of the solvency ratio is from 0,01 to 0,94 in 2017.

For the most complete and objective view of the financial condition of the enterprise, it is necessary to pay attention to the complex of indicators and financial ratios of the company.

Table 1. Net profit, revenue, solvency ratio, solvency index Globas of the largest Russian wood processing factories (TOP-10)

Name, INN, region, business scope	Revenue, bln RUB		Net profit (loss), bln RUB		Solvency ratio (x), >0,5		Solvency index Globas
	2016	2017	2016	2017	2016	2017
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
SYKTYVKAR PLYWOOD MILL LIMITED INN 1121009024 Republic of Komi Manufacture of plywood, wood veneered panels and similar laminated materials, wood-based panels of wood and other woody materials	9,72	10,30	1,85	2,06	0,86	0,89	185 High
KRONOSPAN LLC INN 5011021227 Moscow region Manufacture of plywood, wood veneered panels and similar laminated materials, wood-based panels of wood and other woody materials	19,98	20,09	2,95	1,59	0,80	0,87	205 Strong
JSC SVEZA KOSTROMA INN 4401006864 Kostroma region Manufacture of plywood, wood veneered panels and similar laminated materials, wood-based panels of wood and other woody materials	7,48	7,05	1,31	1,06	0,88	0,85	213 Strong
LLC SWISS KRONO INN 4407006010 Kostroma region Manufacture of plywood, wood veneered panels and similar laminated materials, wood-based panels of wood and other woody materials	12,76	11,73	2,31	1,18	0,62	0,67	192 High
EGGER DREVPRODUKT GAGARIN LLC INN 6723019741 Smolensk region Manufacture of plywood, wood veneered panels and similar laminated materials, wood-based panels of wood and other woody materials	8,22	11,85	-1,05	-3,01	0,46	0,65	213 Strong
JSC TERNEYLES INN 2528000813 Primorye territory Production of veneer, plywood, wooden plates and panels	8,16	7,36	1,81	0,91	0,46	0,58	180 High
JSC SAWMILL 25 INN 2928001265 Arkhangelsk region Production of lumber, except profiled, with a thickness of more than 6 mm; production of untreated wooden railroad and tram sleepers	6,51	7,52	0,78	0,62	0,43	0,45	203 Strong
LLC ILIM TIMBER INDUSTRY INN 7838407799 Saint Petersburg Production of lumber, except profiled, with a thickness of more than 6 mm; production of untreated wooden railroad and tram sleepers	6,61	8,84	0,38	0,22	0,12	0,14	244 Strong
KASTAMONU INTEGRATED WOOD INDUSTRY LLC INN 1646027030 Republic of Tatarstan Manufacture of wood products, suber, straw and materials for weaving	9,37	12,05	6,10	-0,31	0,11	0,09	302 Adequate
JSC SAWING AND WOODWORKING ENTERPRISE IGIRMA INN 3811113307 Irkutsk region Sawing and planing of wood In process of being wound up since 21.05.2018	6,36	7,11	1,47	-0,21	-0,35	-0,45	600 Insufficient
Total for TOP-10 companies	95,19	103,91	17,92	4,11
Average value for TOP-10 companies	9,52	10,39	1,79	0,41	0,44	0,47
Industry average value	0,04	0,06	0,0044	-0,0005	0,18	0,18

— growth of indicator to the previous period, — decrease of indicator to the previous period.

The average indicator of solvency ratio of TOP-10 companies is within the practical value, above the average and below the recommended one. In 2017, eight companies of TOP-10 increased their figures in comparison with the previous period.

Picture 1. Solvency ratio and revenue of the largest Russian wood processing factories (TOP-10)

Over the past 10 years, the industry average values of solvency ratio have a trend to decrease (Picture 2).

Picture 2. Change in the industry average values of solvency ratio of the largest Russian wood processing factories in 2008 – 2017

The Federal Law №533-FZ of 27.12.2018 with the amendments to articles 76.1 and 145.1 of the Criminal Code the Russian Federation and amendments to the Russian Federation Code of Criminal Procedure entered into force on January 8, 2019.

In general, the changes should influence on creation of a favorable business environment, risk reduction in business, creation of additional protection guarantees from unreasonable criminal proceedings.

The Law expanded the list of crimes, criminal cases of which should be terminated upon condition of reparation for damages. Now the list includes the crimes covered by the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation:

part 1 of Article 146 - Violation of copyright and related rights;

part 1 of Article 147 - Violation of inventive and patent rights;

part 5 - 7 of Article 159 – Fraud;

part 1 of Article 159.1 - Credit fraud;

part 1 of Article 159.2 - Entitlement fraud;

part 1 of Article 159.3 - Wire fraud;

part 1 of Article 159.5 - Insurance fraud;

part 1 of Article 159.6 - Fraud in the cyber realm;

part 1 of Article 160 - Appropriation or embezzlement;

part 1 of Article 165 – Property damage inflicted by deceit or breach of trust

In addition, the amendments established the conditions that allow the head of organization to avoid the criminal liability for non-payment of wages.

Today, according to the Article 145.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, the criminal liability is provided for non-payment of wages, pensions, scholarships, benefits and other payments because of self-interest or other personal interest; in cases of partial non-payment the criminal liability is more than three months, in cases of total non-payment or below the minimum wage - more than two months.

The head of the company or separate structural division and the employer – physical person can be criminally prosecuted.

The Article 145.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation provides the following sanctions for this crime:

According to the amendments, to avoid the responsibility for non-payment of wages is possible under the following conditions:

• commission of a crime for the first time;
• full repayment of debts within two months from the date of initiation of criminal proceeding;
• interest payment for the delay;
• absence of other crimes in the actions of the perpetrator.